California Radiography Supervisor and Operator Exam

This course lays the foundation of care for diverse populations. You will learn the conceptual basis for patient- and family-centered care, as well as the fundamentals of cultural competence. Identification for diverse populations, the role of the Joint Commission in patient care and obstacles to ideal care also are discussed.

This course describes the legal concerns that a medical practice faces, as well as the concepts that can be applied to reduce those risks. You will learn the concepts that underlie medical risk management, how to implement risk management procedures and the systems that can be used for conflict resolution in and out of the workplace.

This course explains the risks of musculoskeletal disorders and repetitive motion injuries inherent in the process of patient transport. Also addresses the importance of proper body mechanics, specialized tools for patient transfer and correct positioning for long- and short-term patient comfort.

This course examines the factors and attributes of microorganisms that lead to infection. You also will learn to identify modes of disease transmission, list the stages of infectious diseases, and apply infection prevention techniques at home and at work.

This presentation will explain the three interactions electrons have with atoms at the surface of the anode (heating, bremsstrahlung and characteristic) and the five interactions that x-ray photons have with matter (coherent, photoelectric effect, Compton, pair production and photodisintegration). Each interaction will be illustrated at the atomic level, allowing us to identify energy transfer, the sequence of events and the products of the interaction. In addition, the presentation will review binding shell energy levels, characteristics of the interactions and formulas and examples demonstrating how to calculate the energy levels for the products of the bremsstrahlung, characteristic, photoelectric and Compton interactions. Lastly, we’ll cover how the probability of photoelectric and Compton interactions depends on atomic number, photon energy, part thickness and mass density.

This presentation will review all of the material from the updated content specifications outline for the Radiation Physics and Radiobiology section of the ARRT exam. Topics include radiation physics and radiobiology, as well as other biological aspects of radiation including radiosensitivity of cells, somatic effects and acute radiation syndromes.

This course defines and describes the three pillars of radiation safety and the radiation safety units of measure. You will learn different shielding methods for various procedures, including fluoroscopic procedures.

This course describes the effects of radiation on organ systems and the standard recommendations for radiation exposure limits. You will learn about the three basic radiation safety principles, the shielding equipment used to minimize exposure and the technical factors that can be controlled to minimize patient exposure.

This presentation provides an overview of radiation exposure and the biological effects of radiation, including various sources of radiation exposure, units of measurement, dose-response relationships, and tissue radiosensitivity. It also covers somatic effects of radiation and acute radiation syndromes, as well as the recommended radiation exposure limits.

This presentation will discuss the difference between spot and captured or saved images and demonstrate the safest place to stand during a cross table lateral hip operation. Methods to properly set up and use a c-arm will also be discussed. The difference in radiation dose between 1 fps, 2 fps, and 3 fps with digital spots will also be demonstrated.

This course describes how photostimulable phosphor (PSP) image receptors extract data. You will learn how to analyze image data extracted from image receptors and to identify and describe the most common exposure indicators for image detectors. The effects of automatic rescaling on image quality also are explained.

This presentation will cover the “new” high kVp/low mAs techniques that should be used with all digital equipment. This means adding a minimum of 15% more kV and cutting the mAs in half over what was used with film screen systems. Since dropping the radiation dose is also one of the major topics, we will demonstrate how dose and mAs correlate with each other, and how increasing kV and dropping the mAs can decrease the radiation dose. We will also discuss Universal Digital Technique Charts for both CR and DR systems as well as evaluate proper Exposure Index ranges.

This course examines the relationship between exposure indicator values, histogram analysis and automatic rescaling. You will learn how exposure changes will affect the appearance of a digital image and how to evaluate a digitally acquired image to assess appropriate exposure levels. You also will learn how to locate different types of artifacts on a digital image and identify their probable causes.

This course describes the components of a PACS and its functions. You will learn the purpose of a PACS and the types of data included in a PACS display.

This course explains why quality assurance testing is important and how these tests are performed on photostimulable phosphor (PSP) and flat-panel image receptors. You also will learn how display monitors are tested.